Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Failure 慢性肾病和肾衰竭

Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Failure 慢性肾病和肾衰竭

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) describes the gradual loss of kidney function. Kidney failure, also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the last stage of chronic kidney disease.慢性肾病(CKD)是指肾脏功能逐渐而难以逆转的衰竭。肾衰竭也被称为末期肾病,是慢性肾病的最后阶段。 Staging / 病状分期 The stages of CKD are...
Kidney Cancer

Kidney Cancer

Kidney cancer is among the 10 most common cancers in both men & women. The lifetime risk is 1 in 63 (1.6%). This risk is higher in men. Risks are as below: 1) Lifestyle-related and job-related – Smoking – Obesity – Workplace exposure to cadmium,...